Queens, Warriors and Conquest
The Second Intermediate Period is coming to its end. On land and river the Thebans attack the Hyksos, pushing them northward towards their capital.
King Ahmose I and his mother Queen Ah-hotep are pummeling their foes, while raising up their friends. We met two of these: Ahmose Ibana, a commoner, and QueenAhmose-Nefertari, wife of the King and priestess of Amun.
A dagger belonging to King Ahmose I, found in his tomb (Royal Ontario Museum).
A bronze axe, inscribed with the cartouches of Neb-pehty-Re Ahmose I (Ashmolean Museum, Oxford).
A dagger handle, with the names of King Apepy (of Avaris), the Ruler of the Hyksos (National Egyptian Museum, Cairo).
Queen Ahmose-Nefertari, the Priestess of Amun-Re, consort of the King, and daughter of Ah-hotep (Metropolitan Museum, NY).
Trinkets of King Ahmose I, including two small lions and a box in the shape of his cartouche (Musee du Louvre).
Bibliography
Reshafim.org – The Autobiography of Ahmose son of Ibana.
Irene Forstner-Muller, “Avaris, its Harbours and the Peru-nefer Problem,” Egyptian Archaeology 45 (2014). Read for free online at Academia.edu.
W. Vivian Davies, “The Tomb of Ahmose Son-of-Ibana at Elkab, Documenting the Family and Other Observations,” Elkab and Beyond: Studies in Honour of Luc Limme, 2009. Read for free at Academia.edu.
Aidan Dodson & Dyan Hilton. The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt, 2010.
William Kelly Simpson (editor). The Literature of Ancient Egypt, 2006.
Anthony J. Spalinger. War in Ancient Egypt, 2005.